SAS Output

Obs	Country	1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009	2010-2014	All years
1	All countries	38	65	117	191	445	856
2	United Kingdom	7	6	24	58	100	195
3	United States	12	16	22	39	91	180
4	Canada	1	12	18	30	71	132
5	Australia	4	4	9	17	55	89
6	Ghana	4	4	13	15	33	69
7	Brazil	1	2	5	3	17	28
8	Netherlands	.	5	2	3	17	27
9	South Africa	.	.	4	5	18	27
10	China	.	2	3	6	11	22
11	Germany	1	.	4	4	13	22
12	Sweden	.	.	3	7	12	22
13	Belgium	.	1	.	1	15	17
14	Austria	.	.	5	5	6	16
15	Tanzania	.	1	.	7	8	16
16	Japan	.	3	3	2	7	15
17	Spain	.	.	2	.	13	15
18	Denmark	.	.	.	6	8	14
19	Ecuador	.	.	3	.	8	11
20	Chile	.	1	3	2	4	10
21	France	.	.	4	1	5	10
22	Italy	.	.	.	2	7	9
23	Switzerland	.	.	.	2	7	9
24	Zimbabwe	.	1	3	2	3	9
25	New Zealand	.	.	.	2	6	8
26	Peru	.	.	1	2	4	7
27	Indonesia	.	.	2	.	4	6
28	Poland	.	.	.	3	3	6
29	India	.	1	3	1	.	5
30	Nigeria	.	.	1	.	4	5
31	Philippines	.	2	.	3	.	5
32	Colombia	.	.	.	.	4	4
33	Norway	.	.	.	1	3	4
34	Argentina	.	.	.	.	3	3
35	Czech Republic	.	.	.	1	2	3
36	Greece	.	.	.	1	2	3
37	Kenya	.	.	.	.	3	3
38	Mozambique	.	.	.	1	2	3
39	Romania	.	.	.	1	2	3
40	Suriname	.	1	.	1	1	3
41	Bolivia	.	.	.	1	1	2
42	Burkina Faso	.	1	.	.	1	2
43	Ethiopia	1	.	.	1	.	2
44	Guyana	.	.	1	.	1	2
45	Mexico	.	.	1	1	.	2
46	Turkey	.	.	1	.	1	2
47	Bangladesh	.	.	.	.	1	1
48	Brunei	.	.	.	.	1	1
49	Cameroon	.	.	.	.	1	1
50	Fiji	.	.	.	1	.	1
51	Finland	.	.	.	.	1	1
52	Ireland	.	.	.	1	.	1
53	Kazakhstan	.	.	.	.	1	1
54	Korea, Republic of	.	.	.	.	1	1
55	Kyrgyz Republic	.	.	.	1	.	1
56	Mongolia	.	.	.	.	1	1
57	Niger	.	.	.	.	1	1
58	Papua New Guinea	.	.	.	.	1	1
59	Paraguay	.	1	.	.	.	1
60	Russian Federation	.	.	.	.	1	1
61	Senegal	.	.	.	.	1	1
62	Sierra Leone	.	.	.	1	.	1
63	Slovak Republic	.	.	.	1	.	1
64	Slovenia	.	.	.	.	1	1
65	Uganda	.	.	.	.	1	1
66	Zambia	.	.	1	.	.	1

Obs	Country	1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009	2010-2014	All years
1	All countries	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
2	United Kingdom	18.4	9.2	20.5	30.4	22.5	22.8
3	United States	31.6	24.6	18.8	20.4	20.4	21.0
4	Canada	2.6	18.5	15.4	15.7	16.0	15.4
5	Australia	10.5	6.2	7.7	8.9	12.4	10.4
6	Ghana	10.5	6.2	11.1	7.9	7.4	8.1
7	Brazil	2.6	3.1	4.3	1.6	3.8	3.3
8	Netherlands	.	7.7	1.7	1.6	3.8	3.2
9	South Africa	.	.	3.4	2.6	4.0	3.2
10	China	.	3.1	2.6	3.1	2.5	2.6
11	Germany	2.6	.	3.4	2.1	2.9	2.6
12	Sweden	.	.	2.6	3.7	2.7	2.6
13	Belgium	.	1.5	.	0.5	3.4	2.0
14	Austria	.	.	4.3	2.6	1.3	1.9
15	Tanzania	.	1.5	.	3.7	1.8	1.9
16	Japan	.	4.6	2.6	1.0	1.6	1.8
17	Spain	.	.	1.7	.	2.9	1.8
18	Denmark	.	.	.	3.1	1.8	1.6
19	Ecuador	.	.	2.6	.	1.8	1.3
20	Chile	.	1.5	2.6	1.0	0.9	1.2
21	France	.	.	3.4	0.5	1.1	1.2
22	Italy	.	.	.	1.0	1.6	1.1
23	Switzerland	.	.	.	1.0	1.6	1.1
24	Zimbabwe	.	1.5	2.6	1.0	0.7	1.1
25	New Zealand	.	.	.	1.0	1.3	0.9
26	Peru	.	.	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.8
27	Indonesia	.	.	1.7	.	0.9	0.7
28	Poland	.	.	.	1.6	0.7	0.7
29	India	.	1.5	2.6	0.5	.	0.6
30	Nigeria	.	.	0.9	.	0.9	0.6
31	Philippines	.	3.1	.	1.6	.	0.6
32	Colombia	.	.	.	.	0.9	0.5
33	Norway	.	.	.	0.5	0.7	0.5
34	Argentina	.	.	.	.	0.7	0.4
35	Czech Republic	.	.	.	0.5	0.4	0.4
36	Greece	.	.	.	0.5	0.4	0.4
37	Kenya	.	.	.	.	0.7	0.4
38	Mozambique	.	.	.	0.5	0.4	0.4
39	Romania	.	.	.	0.5	0.4	0.4
40	Suriname	.	1.5	.	0.5	0.2	0.4
41	Bolivia	.	.	.	0.5	0.2	0.2
42	Burkina Faso	.	1.5	.	.	0.2	0.2
43	Ethiopia	2.6	.	.	0.5	.	0.2
44	Guyana	.	.	0.9	.	0.2	0.2
45	Mexico	.	.	0.9	0.5	.	0.2
46	Turkey	.	.	0.9	.	0.2	0.2
47	Bangladesh	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
48	Brunei	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
49	Cameroon	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
50	Fiji	.	.	.	0.5	.	0.1
51	Finland	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
52	Ireland	.	.	.	0.5	.	0.1
53	Kazakhstan	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
54	Korea, Republic of	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
55	Kyrgyz Republic	.	.	.	0.5	.	0.1
56	Mongolia	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
57	Niger	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
58	Papua New Guinea	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
59	Paraguay	.	1.5	.	.	.	0.1
60	Russian Federation	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
61	Senegal	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
62	Sierra Leone	.	.	.	0.5	.	0.1
63	Slovak Republic	.	.	.	0.5	.	0.1
64	Slovenia	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
65	Uganda	.	.	.	.	0.2	0.1
66	Zambia	.	.	0.9	.	.	0.1

Obs	Country	1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009	2010-2014	All years
1	All countries	0.3	3.6	10.0	29.1	45.8	88.8
2	United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	3.5	18.0	16.2	37.7
3	United States	0.3	2.0	1.5	9.3	7.7	20.8
4	Canada	0.0	0.0	2.5	2.3	4.8	9.6
5	Australia	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0	9.0	11.0
6	Ghana	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	1.1	3.1
7	Brazil	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.8	1.1
8	Netherlands	.	1.6	0.5	1.0	3.0	6.1
9	South Africa	.	.	1.0	0.0	1.0	2.0
10	China	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.5	1.5
11	Germany	0.0	.	1.0	0.5	0.0	1.5
12	Sweden	.	.	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.3
13	Belgium	.	0.0	.	1.0	1.0	2.0
14	Austria	.	.	1.0	0.5	0.0	1.5
15	Tanzania	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
16	Japan	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0
17	Spain	.	.	0.5	.	1.3	1.8
18	Denmark	.	.	.	0.5	1.1	1.6
19	Ecuador	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
20	Chile	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
21	France	.	.	0.5	0.0	1.0	1.5
22	Italy	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
23	Switzerland	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
24	Zimbabwe	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0
25	New Zealand	.	.	.	0.0	1.0	1.0
26	Peru	.	.	0.0	1.0	2.0	3.0
27	Indonesia	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
28	Poland	.	.	.	1.0	0.0	1.0
29	India	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	.	0.0
30	Nigeria	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
31	Philippines	.	0.0	.	0.0	.	0.0
32	Colombia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
33	Norway	.	.	.	1.0	0.5	1.5
34	Argentina	.	.	.	.	1.0	1.0
35	Czech Republic	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
36	Greece	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
37	Kenya	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
38	Mozambique	.	.	.	0.0	0.4	0.4
39	Romania	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
40	Suriname	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
41	Bolivia	.	.	.	1.0	0.0	1.0
42	Burkina Faso	.	0.0	.	.	0.0	0.0
43	Ethiopia	0.0	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
44	Guyana	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
45	Mexico	.	.	0.0	0.0	.	0.0
46	Turkey	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
47	Bangladesh	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
48	Brunei	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
49	Cameroon	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
50	Fiji	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
51	Finland	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
52	Ireland	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
53	Kazakhstan	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
54	Korea, Republic of	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
55	Kyrgyz Republic	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
56	Mongolia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
57	Niger	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
58	Papua New Guinea	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
59	Paraguay	.	0.0	.	.	.	0.0
60	Russian Federation	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
61	Senegal	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
62	Sierra Leone	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
63	Slovak Republic	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
64	Slovenia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
65	Uganda	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
66	Zambia	.	.	0.0	.	.	0.0

Obs	Country	1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009	2010-2014	All years
1	All countries	0.7	5.5	8.5	15.3	10.5	10.5
2	United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	14.2	31.4	16.8	19.6
3	United States	2.1	13.8	7.6	26.2	9.3	12.4
4	Canada	0.0	0.0	12.1	2.8	8.3	6.6
5	Australia	0.0	0.0	12.8	6.1	15.9	12.1
6	Ghana	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.1	1.7	2.3
7	Brazil	0.0	0.0	3.1	0.0	3.5	2.6
8	Netherlands	.	35.1	30.0	54.5	24.2	29.8
9	South Africa	.	.	25.0	0.0	6.6	8.5
10	China	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	17.1	8.6
11	Germany	0.0	.	14.3	8.3	0.0	5.2
12	Sweden	.	.	0.0	5.7	0.0	1.6
13	Belgium	.	0.0	.	100.0	6.8	6.9
14	Austria	.	.	30.3	14.3	0.0	17.3
15	Tanzania	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
16	Japan	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	22.7	12.9
17	Spain	.	.	33.3	.	6.3	8.3
18	Denmark	.	.	.	12.5	10.9	11.6
19	Ecuador	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
20	Chile	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
21	France	.	.	6.6	0.0	10.9	7.9
22	Italy	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
23	Switzerland	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
24	Zimbabwe	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	47.8	15.6
25	New Zealand	.	.	.	0.0	14.0	10.9
26	Peru	.	.	0.0	54.5	41.0	41.5
27	Indonesia	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
28	Poland	.	.	.	4.3	0.0	1.8
29	India	.	0.0	0.0	0.0	.	0.0
30	Nigeria	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
31	Philippines	.	0.0	.	0.0	.	0.0
32	Colombia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
33	Norway	.	.	.	100.0	20.0	22.8
34	Argentina	.	.	.	.	33.3	33.3
35	Czech Republic	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
36	Greece	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
37	Kenya	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
38	Mozambique	.	.	.	0.0	27.6	11.8
39	Romania	.	.	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
40	Suriname	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0	0.0
41	Bolivia	.	.	.	100.0	0.0	54.5
42	Burkina Faso	.	0.0	.	.	0.0	0.0
43	Ethiopia	0.0	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
44	Guyana	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
45	Mexico	.	.	0.0	0.0	.	0.0
46	Turkey	.	.	0.0	.	0.0	0.0
47	Bangladesh	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
48	Brunei	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
49	Cameroon	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
50	Fiji	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
51	Finland	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
52	Ireland	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
53	Kazakhstan	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
54	Korea, Republic of	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
55	Kyrgyz Republic	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
56	Mongolia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
57	Niger	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
58	Papua New Guinea	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
59	Paraguay	.	0.0	.	.	.	0.0
60	Russian Federation	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
61	Senegal	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
62	Sierra Leone	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
63	Slovak Republic	.	.	.	0.0	.	0.0
64	Slovenia	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
65	Uganda	.	.	.	.	0.0	0.0
66	Zambia	.	.	0.0	.	.	0.0

Obs	Country	1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009	2010-2014	All years
1	All countries	0.36	0.84	0.98	1.30	1.02	1.03
2	United Kingdom	0.51	0.80	1.33	1.97	1.28	1.44
3	United States	0.35	1.28	0.81	1.72	0.97	1.08
4	Canada	1.48	0.30	1.55	0.78	0.93	0.92
5	Australia	0.18	0.37	1.00	0.98	1.45	1.20
6	Ghana	0.25	0.83	0.71	0.73	0.52	0.61
7	Brazil	0.11	0.69	0.41	0.61	0.74	0.62
8	Netherlands	.	3.15	2.41	4.76	1.32	2.11
9	South Africa	.	.	1.91	0.33	0.50	0.71
10	China	.	0.54	0.55	0.47	1.23	0.87
11	Germany	0.32	.	1.07	1.55	0.63	0.91
12	Sweden	.	.	0.60	0.76	0.76	0.74
13	Belgium	.	1.99	.	4.18	0.93	1.04
14	Austria	.	.	1.22	1.75	0.64	1.31
15	Tanzania	.	0.69	.	0.90	0.82	0.85
16	Japan	.	0.11	0.55	1.28	1.20	0.95
17	Spain	.	.	2.26	.	0.75	0.87
18	Denmark	.	.	.	1.47	1.36	1.41
19	Ecuador	.	.	1.00	.	0.43	0.55
20	Chile	.	0.18	0.36	0.94	0.44	0.47
21	France	.	.	0.63	1.05	1.02	0.86
22	Italy	.	.	.	0.47	0.39	0.41
23	Switzerland	.	.	.	0.71	0.72	0.71
24	Zimbabwe	.	0.06	0.81	0.47	3.00	1.34
25	New Zealand	.	.	.	0.43	0.65	0.60
26	Peru	.	.	2.05	3.84	1.83	2.72
27	Indonesia	.	.	0.50	.	0.92	0.76
28	Poland	.	.	.	0.26	0.27	0.26
29	India	.	0.12	0.12	0.11	.	0.12
30	Nigeria	.	.	0.00	.	0.19	0.12
31	Philippines	.	0.73	.	0.41	.	0.57
32	Colombia	.	.	.	.	0.44	0.44
33	Norway	.	.	.	4.18	1.64	1.73
34	Argentina	.	.	.	.	1.23	1.23
35	Czech Republic	.	.	.	0.20	0.92	0.51
36	Greece	.	.	.	0.36	1.11	0.84
37	Kenya	.	.	.	.	0.14	0.14
38	Mozambique	.	.	.	1.45	1.94	1.66
39	Romania	.	.	.	0.14	0.25	0.21
40	Suriname	.	1.04	.	1.19	0.49	1.06
41	Bolivia	.	.	.	6.67	1.04	4.11
42	Burkina Faso	.	0.68	.	.	1.50	0.95
43	Ethiopia	0.39	.	.	0.79	.	0.59
44	Guyana	.	.	0.31	.	0.00	0.13
45	Mexico	.	.	0.18	0.56	.	0.31
46	Turkey	.	.	0.18	.	0.68	0.35
47	Bangladesh	.	.	.	.	0.64	0.64
48	Brunei	.	.	.	.	0.97	0.97
49	Cameroon	.	.	.	.	0.39	0.39
50	Fiji	.	.	.	0.00	.	0.00
51	Finland	.	.	.	.	1.02	1.02
52	Ireland	.	.	.	0.10	.	0.10
53	Kazakhstan	.	.	.	.	1.30	1.30
54	Korea, Republic of	.	.	.	.	0.00	0.00
55	Kyrgyz Republic	.	.	.	0.23	.	0.23
56	Mongolia	.	.	.	.	0.81	0.81
57	Niger	.	.	.	.	1.84	1.84
58	Papua New Guinea	.	.	.	.	0.80	0.80
59	Paraguay	.	0.10	.	.	.	0.10
60	Russian Federation	.	.	.	.	0.38	0.38
61	Senegal	.	.	.	.	0.00	0.00
62	Sierra Leone	.	.	.	0.19	.	0.19
63	Slovak Republic	.	.	.	0.06	.	0.06
64	Slovenia	.	.	.	.	1.30	1.30
65	Uganda	.	.	.	.	1.02	1.02
66	Zambia	.	.	0.31	.	.	0.31

Lev1: ARTISANAL AND SMALL SCALE MINING ASM//ARTISANAL MINING//SMALL SCALE MINING - Statistics for Countries

Statistics per Country

Number of publications, full counts

Number of publications, full counts

Share of the total number of publications in the field, full counts (%)

Share of the total number of publications in the field, full counts (%)

Number of publications among 10% most cited in field, full counts

Number of publications among 10% most cited in field, full counts

Share of publications among 10% most cited in field, fractionalized (%)

Share of publications among 10% most cited in field, fractionalized (%)

Field normalized citation rate (cf), fractionalized

Field normalized citation rate (cf), fractionalized