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The image above shows the die of Intel's processor of their new MIC (Many Integrated Core) architecture codenamed Knights corner. It comprises more than 50 x86-64 cores and a high bandwidth interconnection network as well as a sophisticated vector processing facility. Other processor manufacturers (Tilera corporation) have announced a processor with 100 64-bit general purpose cores. We can expect the number of available cores to both rise and to become more heterogenous. Parallel computer systems have thus become a mainstream technology and all programming now has to be for parallel processors while it earlier was only for specialists on supercomputers.
On the other hand, supercomputers have gone from quite homogeneous systems with a few tens of processors to highly heterogenous mixed shared memory processing, message-passing and GPU-style programming with the number of processing elements being counted in hundreds of thousands.