Reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) by cyanide

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Step by step instructions: 1) Start DATABASE and click on “Cu” (copper) in the periodic table. Click on “Cu 2+” in the list of available components. Click also on the “e-” (electron) button. To add cyanide as a component, click either on “C” or “N” in the periodic table, and then on “CN-” in the list of available components. The list of components selected will now show “H+”, “e-”, “Cu 2+” and “CN-”. Click on the pull-down menu “File / Save and Exit”. Click on the SPANA button to save the data file and to make a diagram. Enter a file name, for example “Cu-CN”.

2) The SPANA main window will appear. Click on the pull-down menu “Run / Make a Diagram”. A new window appears to select what type of diagram is wanted. Change the diagram type to “Fraction”. Change the component in the X-axis to “CN-”.

On the Concentrations” frame click on the “pH = 7” line, change “pH” for “Total conc.”, change the value to 1e-4 and press Enter. Then, on the same concentrations frame, click on the “pe = 8.5” line, enter a total concentration of zero for e and press Enter. Similarly, change the total concentration of “Cu 2+” to 0.01 ([Cu]T = 10 mM). Change also the concentration interval for CN from zero to 0.03 M.

Click on the Diagram button in the upper-left corner of the window.

Make diagram
The calculations will be done by a console program. When the calculations are finished the diagram is displayed in a window.

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