- Models and theories of the structure and classification of matter
- Chemical binding and its effect on for example existence, properties and fields of use for organic and inorganic substances.
Reactions and changes
- Acid-base reactions including the notation of pH and the buffer effect.
- Redox reactions including electrochemistry.
- Precipitation reactions.
- Energy conversion at phase transformations and chemical reactions.
Stoichiometry
- Interpretation and writing of formulae for chemical compounds and reactions
- Amount of substance proportions, concentrations, limiting reagents and yield at chemical reactions.
Analytical Chemistry
- Qualitative and quantitative methods for chemical analysis, for example reagent and titration.