Optimization of transportation infrastructure for cities
A project evaluating the impact on the transportation network of increased electric vehicle demand, and exploring what tradeoffs and business models the growing amount of discarded electric vehicles (EV) and batteries may need.
Background
Sustainable transportation wherein studies emanate from infrastructure development to assessment of discarded electric vehicles (EV) and the role in demand side management. Evaluating the impact of increased electric vehicle demand on the network – A case study of Hammarby Sjöstad (HS), Stockholm was considered. Optimization algorithm to evaluate the electricity demand for public and private chargers was performed followed by load flow analysis to assess the feasibility of the network capacity to meet the demand.
As the EVs discard their batteries even when there is substantial useful life, a study on comprehensive business models for the second life of batteries and the role of traceability towards sustainable usage of Li-ion batteries is performed. Demand side management with flexibility can aid in peak load management and also aid in increased economic savings
With the increasing number of EVs, there is a need to develop the necessary infrastructure for supporting the transition to electric vehicles. The increase in the number of electric vehicles leads to an increase in demand for different types of chargers. These chargers have different rating and also they can be private or public chargers. In both these case, there will be an impact on the existing electricity network, hence it is critical to assess the impact on existing voltage network and evaluate how the growth in the network should go hand in hand with an increase in infrastructure. Also, with the increased number of EVs, the number of discarded EV batteries will also increase, which requires assessment of sustainable production, usage and recycling of these batteries.
With increased EVs, the demand will grow substantially and if the demand profile is not optimized, the network will not be able to meet demand. In this case, it is needed to increase the capacity of the network substantially. If the charging schedule is optimized considering loss optimization or cost optimization, the network will be able to meet the demand for Hammarby Sjöstad until 2025.
Aims and objectives
Integration of PV and battery energy storage further depends on the demand and the cost of these technologies. Further traceability indicators and different business models that can aid in the utilization of second life of batteries need to be explored.
Project plan
For the transition towards sustainable transportation, further studies on hydrogen refuelling stations and green hydrogen production for meeting transportation needs will be undertaken. A comparative analysis of electrification and hydrogenation fo transportation will be explored further. Following this, how the flexibility imparted by electric vehicles can be traded in the electricity market for cost savings and peak load management will be evaluated. Also, the study on business models for the second life of batteries will be further explored.
Applied interdisciplinarity
Transition towards sustainable transportation needs technical infrastructure studies with grid network assessment and its market assessments. This needs interdisciplinary collaboration between actors in energy, grid and electricity market studies. Inclusion of supply chain and traceability indicators to further evaluate the sustainable use of EV discarded batteries adds an interdisciplinary dimension to the study
Papers
- Agrawal, T. K., Angelis, J., Kalaiarasan, R., Thakur, J., and Wiktorsson, M. (20XX). “Enabling circularity of EV batteries - the need for appropriate traceability”, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Technology Management, Operations and Decisions (ICTMOD)
- Thakur, J., Agrawal, T. K. (2021) “Traceability for attaining sustainability and circularity in electric batteries supply chain” 16th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), Dubrovnik, Croatia
- Verma, P., Thakur, J., Hesamzadeh, H.R. (2021), “Demand Side Management with Load Shifting in Microgrids”, 16th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES), Dubrovnik, Croatia
KTH collaborations
Tarun Kumar Agrawal, Department of Sustainable Production
Monika Topel - Division of Heat and Power, Department of Energy Technology, KTH
Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh, Division Of Electric Power And Energy Systems, EECS, KTH
Other collaborations
Pranjal Verma, Researcher, Mitsubishi India
Duration
Sept 2020 – ?
Project participants
